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Photoaging Biology: UV Radiation and Dermal Matrix Degradation Photoaging refers to the structural and functional deterioration of skin caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It is clinically and biologically distinct from intrinsic chronological aging, although the two processes overlap in sun-exposed skin. This article reviews the principal biological mechanisms through which UV radiation […]

Levels of Evidence in Clinical Research: An Overview of the OCEBM and GRADE Frameworks Clinical decision-making rests on a foundational question: how confident can we be in the data that supports a given intervention, diagnostic test, or prognostic claim? The discipline of evidence-based medicine (EBM) has developed structured frameworks to answer this question, ranking the